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1.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 47(4): 705-729, Jul.-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286767

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in males. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT, a non-invasive diagnostic tool to evaluate PC with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression, has emerged as a more accurate alternative to assess disease staging. We aimed to identify predictors of positive 68Ga-PSMA PET and the accuracy of this technique. Materials and methods: Diagnostic accuracy cross-sectional study with prospective and retrospective approaches. We performed a comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase database in search of studies including PC patients submitted to radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy with curative intent and presented biochemical recurrence following ASTRO 1996 criteria. A total of 35 studies involving 3910 patients submitted to 68-Ga-PSMA PET were included and independently assessed by two authors: 8 studies on diagnosis, four on staging, and 23 studies on restaging purposes. The significance level was α=0.05. Results: pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.90 (0.86-0.93) and 0.90 (0.82-0.96), respectively, for diagnostic purposes; as for staging, pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.93 (0.86-0.98) and 0.96 (0.92-0.99), respectively. In the restaging scenario, pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.76 (0.74-0.78) and 0.45 (0.27-0.58), respectively, considering the identification of prostate cancer in each described situation. We also obtained specificity and sensitivity results for PSA subdivisions. Conclusion: 68Ga-PSMA PET provides higher sensitivity and specificity than traditional imaging for prostate cancer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Radiopharmaceuticals , Positron-Emission Tomography
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(4): 568-575, Apr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003063

ABSTRACT

The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize producers to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Radiopharmaceuticals , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Brazil , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Clinical Decision-Making , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Staging
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(4): 509-517, Apr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003064

ABSTRACT

The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize procedures to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Radiopharmaceuticals , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging , Brazil , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Clinical Decision-Making
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 109(2): 97-102, Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887915

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The accuracy of zero coronary calcium score as a filter in patients with chest pain has been demonstrated at the emergency room and outpatient clinics, populations with low prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Objective: To test the gatekeeping role of zero calcium score in patients with chest pain admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU), where the pretest probability of CAD is higher than that of other populations. Methods: Patients underwent computed tomography for calcium scoring, and obstructive CAD was defined by a minimum 70% stenosis on invasive angiography. Results: In 146 patients studied, the prevalence of CAD was 41%. A zero calcium score was present in 35% of the patients. The sensitivity and specificity of zero calcium score yielded a negative likelihood ratio of 0.16. After logistic regression adjustment for pretest probability, zero calcium score was independently associated with lower odds of CAD (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.04-0.36), increasing the area under the ROC curve of the clinical model from 0.76 to 0.82 (p = 0.006). Zero calcium score provided a net reclassification improvement of 0.20 (p = 0.0018) over the clinical model when using a pretest probability threshold of 10% for discharging without further testing. In patients with pretest probability < 50%, zero calcium score had a negative predictive value of 95% (95%CI = 83%-99%), with a number needed to test of 2.1 for obtaining one additional discharge. Conclusion: Zero calcium score substantially reduces the pretest probability of obstructive CAD in patients admitted to the CCU with acute chest pain. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)


Resumo Fundamento: A acurácia do escore de cálcio coronário zero como um filtro nos pacientes com dor torácica aguda tem sido demonstrada na sala de emergência e nos ambulatórios, populações com baixa prevalência de doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Objetivos: Testar o papel do escore de cálcio zero como filtro nos pacientes com dor torácica admitidos numa unidade coronariana intensiva (UCI), na qual a probabilidade pré-teste de DAC é maior do que em outras populações. Métodos: Pacientes foram submetidos a tomografia computadorizada para quantificar o escore de cálcio, DAC obstrutiva foi definida por uma estenose mínima de 70% na cineangiocoronariografia invasiva. Um escore clínico para estimar a probabilidade pré-teste de DAC obstrutiva foi criado em amostra de 370 pacientes, usado para definir subgrupos na definição de valores preditivos negativos do escore zero. Resultados: Em 146 pacientes estudados, a prevalência de DAC foi 41% e o escore de cálcio zero foi demonstrado em 35% deles. A sensibilidade e a especificidade para escore de cálcio zero resultaram numa razão de verossimilhança negativa de 0,16. Após ajuste com um escore clínico com a regressão logística para a probabilidade pré-teste, o escore de cálcio zero foi preditor independente associado a baixa probabilidade de DAC (OR = 0,12, IC95% = 0,04-0,36), aumentando a área abaixo da curva ROC do modelo clínico de 0,76 para 0,82 (p = 0,006). Considerando a probabilidade de DAC < 10% como ponto de corte para alta precoce, o escore de cálcio aumentou a proporção de pacientes para alta precoce de 8,2% para 25% (NRI = 0,20; p = 0,0018). O escore de cálcio zero apresentou valor preditivo negativo de 90%. Em pacientes com probabilidade pré-teste < 50%, o valor preditivo negativo foi 95% (IC95% = 83%-99%). Conclusão: O escore de cálcio zero reduz substancialmente a probabilidade pré-teste de DAC obstrutiva em pacientes internados em UCI com dor torácica aguda. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

5.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 71(4): 587-90, out. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-242044

ABSTRACT

Objetivo - Comparar a letalidade hospitalar (LH) de homens e mulheres submetidos a angioplastia transluminal coronária primária (ATCP) como estratégia de reperfusão no infarto do miocárdio (IAM). Métodos - Estudo de coorte retrospectivo baseado em informações de prontuários médicos de pacientes hospitalizados devido a IAM em hospital de referência para doença coronária, utilizando prefencialmente a ATCP como técnica de reperfusão miocárdica precoce. Foram incluídos 83 pacientes, 35 (42 por cento) mulheres e 48 (58 por cento) homens, que preencheram critérios para reperfusão miocárdica precoce. Resultados - A média de idade das mulheres foi superior a dos homens (66+10 vs 58+11 anos; p<0,001). As mulheres também apresentaram uma maior freqüência de diabetes mellitus (37,1 por cento vs 6,4 por cento; p<0,001). Apesar destas diferenças na idade e na freqüência de diabetes mellitus, os percentuais de pacientes em que a ATCP foi considerada sucesso foram similares entre homens (83,3 por cento) e mulheres (82,3 por cento). A LH foi também bastante semelhante entre homens e mulheres; 14,6 por cento vs 14,3 por cento, respectivamente. Conclusão - A possibilidade de que o excesso de risco de morrer entre as mulheres com IAM em relação aos homens possa ser reduzido ou até eliminado com o uso da ATCP apóia a necessidade de que se desenvolva um ensaio clínico a fim de avaliar esta questão.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Hospital Mortality , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors
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